Polarized relay



0. RCMER May 8, 1945.

POLARI Z ED RELAY Filed Feb. 6, 1941 j Patented May 8, 1945 POLARIZED RELAY Otto Riimer, Berlin-Siemensstaclt, Germany; vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application February 6, 1941, Serial No. 377,719 In Germany January 13, 1940 nent fluxes form a closed circuit through the ends of the armature, whereas the variable alternating flux passes transversely through the armature.

The known polarized relay presents the disadvantage in that a relatively large armature must be employed which is generally constantly saturated owingto the magnetic direct-current flux which forms a closed circuit through the ends of the armature. If the saturation of the armature should not be effected too rapidly, the

cross-section of the armature must be made larger. However, this means an increase in weight which cannot be put up with, particularly when designing a sensitive relay.

This drawback is removed according to the invention and a polarized relay is provided whose armature and therefore its cross-section is extremely small, since in this instance the polarizing permanent flux does not pass through the armature. According to the invention the permanent magnetic fluxes traverse in spaced relation from one another the armature ends in the transverse direction, whereas the alternating magnetic flux forms substantially a circuit through the ends of the armature.

It is of particular advantage to maintaintwo of the four air gaps constant. This may be accomplished by giving the armature a particular form, preferably by giving it an L-shaped crosssection.

In the accompanying drawing are shown three forms of the invention in diagrammatic form.

Fig. 1 shows the permanent magnet l, the alternating flux core 2 and the armature 3. The permanent magnet is so shaped that the two permanent fluxes form a closed circuit through the ends of the armature 3. The flux circuit extends from the pole piece 4 of the permanent magnet I through the end 5 of the armature 3 to the pole piece 6 of the alternating-current core. The pole shoe 6 is arranged on the pole shoe I of the permanent magnet, The dotted circle and the arrow indicate the manner and direction of flow.

The second permanent flux circuit extends from the pole piece 8 of the permanent magnet I through the other end 9 of the armature 3, the pole piece IU of the alternating-flux core to the pole piece ll of the permanent magnet l. The permanent fluxes are therefore in spaced re1ation from one another and pass the endsof the armature in the transverse direction.

If the alternating flux core 2 is energized in a given direction by a coil (not shown) arranged on the limb I 2, the flux circuit of the alternating flux core 2 extends from the pole piece 6 through the entire length of the armature to the pole piece H! of the alternating flux core.

Figv 2, in which the same reference characters denote corresponding parts of Fig. 1, shows an arrangement corresponding to that of Fig. 1 except that the flux supply air gaps (i. e., the air gaps through which the permanent fluxes enter the armature) remain constant despite the moveture) are varied.

A further advantage of the above-described embodiment consists in designing both the permanent magnet i and the alternating-flux core 2 of one piece, since both need only be given a U- shaped cross-section.

Fig. 3 shows another embodiment of the invention. In contra-distinction to the abovedescribed embodiments the permanent flux in this embodiment enters the armature at the pivot as indicated at I3 so that the permanent flux passes from the north pole designated by through the air gap l4 into the armature 3 and divides itself at the armature pivot l3. The flux circuit extends on the one hand as indicated by the arrows from the armature pivot I3 to the end 5 of the armature through the air gap, the pole shoe of the alternating-flux circuit to the south pole l of the permanent magnet and on the other hand through the pivot I3, the other end 9 of the armature, the air gap, the pole piece H! to the south pole of the permanent magnet. The alternatingflux circuit extends in the same manner as in the embodiment described above.

What is claimed is:

1. In apparatus of the character described, a magnetic assembly comprising, a permanent magnet having spaced parallel pole faces which extend transverse to the direction of flux therebetween a distance which is substantially greater than the length of the mean length of the gap flux path, an electromagnet core having its ends positioned adjacent the extreme portions of one pole face of said permanent magnet with the remaining portion of the electromagnet core posia tioned remote from the magnetic gap of the permanent magnet whereby the flux of the permanent magnet is concentrated by the ends of the electromagnet core to the end portions of the adjacent pole face of the permanent magnet, and an armature extending between the ends of said electromagnet core and having a face adjacent and parallel to the pole face of said permanent magnet which is remote from the ends of said electromagnet core whereby flux from said electromagnet core transverses substantially the entire length of said armature and flux from said permanent magnet passes alternatively through one end of said.electromagnet core and the adjacent end of the armature or through the other end of said electromagnet core and the other end of said armature. I

2. A polarized relay comprising a single permanent magnet for producing a polarizing flux which forms two paths in parallel, a single armature, means for pivotally mounting said armature, a single electromagnet for producing fluctuating flux, the permanent magnet, electromagnet and armature being so constructed and arranged with respect to one another that the pdarizin fluxes traverse the opposite ends of the armature while the fluctuating flux produced by the electromagnet flows undivided substantially lengthwise of and through the armature and wherein two air gaps are provided in each of the two paths for the polarizing flux and wherein only one of said air gaps is variable incident to the actuation of the armature.

3. A polarized relay comprising a single permanent magnet for producing a polarizing flux which forms two paths in parallel, a single armature, means for pivotally mounting said armature, a single electromagnet for producing fluctuating flux, the permanent magnet, electromagnet and armature being so constructed and arranged with respect to one another that the polarizing fluxes traverse the opposite ends of the armature while the fluctuating flux produced by the electromagnet flows undivided substantially lengthwise of and through the armature and wherein two air gaps are provided in each of the two paths for the polarizing flux and the armature is so shaped that one of the air gaps will remain constant while the other will be varied incident to the actuation of the armature.

4. A polarized relay comprising a single permanent magnet for producing a polarizing flux which forms two paths in parallel, a single armature, means for p-ivotally mounting said armature, a single electromagnet for producing fluctuating flux, the permanent magnet, electromagnet and armature being so constructed and arranged with respect to one another that the polarizing fluxes traverse the opposite ends of the armature while the fluctuating flux produced by the electromagnet flows undivided substantially lengthwise of and through the armature and wherein two air gaps are provided in each of the two paths for the polarizing flux and wherein the armature is L- shaped in section to vary the one of said air gaps incident to its actuation while keeping the other air gap constant.

5. The polarized relay set forth in claim 2 wherein the armature is L-shaped in section.

OTTO RCMER. 

